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Which of the simplest parasites lives in the human body?

Parasitism is an interspecific form of interaction, in which the representative of a type (parasite) exists partially or completely at the expense of a representative of another type (owner). The taxonomic list of parasitic forms that affect a person is extremely extensive

Parasites in the digestive tract

The parasites are among arthropods, mollusks, worms, fungi, simple organisms, and this is not the entire list. Bacteria and route viruses, from a medical point of view, are also parasites.

In this article we will talk about parasitic forms of representatives of the kingdom of property (protozoa). Parasites are always an unpleasant and undesirable phenomenon, therefore, to fight them effectively, you need to know as much as possible about them.

The representatives of the kingdom are often called unicellular organizations. These are creatures that consist of a single cell, which has a constant form, such as ciliates or capable of cytoplasmic movements, such as amoeba.

Many protozoa are equipped with movement organs, represented in the form of flagella, cilia or pseudopods. Its dimensions fluctuate from microscopic to several millimeters. The organism cage contains a set of organelles that performs similar functions to the organs of more complex organisms.

The kingdom is represented by almost 15, 000 species, most of which live in the aquatic and soil environment.

However, there is a part of unicellular organisms that prefer a parasite lifestyle. The simplest parasites of a person can cause a disease such as protozoa, sometimes taking severe forms to death. Sometimes it is very difficult to get rid of the parasite in the body.

Protozoa has a protection mechanism: the transfer of adverse environmental conditions in an inactive state. The cell is covered with a dense and impenetrable layer, becomes cysts, and such non -receptive way can be for a long time. Incest is also used by the simplest to distribute them.

Worms in the stomach

The difference in species

The simplest people of a person differ in structure, the method to introduce them into the body and cause disease. For the best information structuring, the main material on unicellular organisms is briefly presented in the table.

Some representatives of the parasitative protozoa in the human body, their brief description:

Type, cause disease and organ systems, subject to damage Symptoms Forms of infection, carriers Infect the stage of the parasite life cycle The class is flagage
  • Mania Leish
  • Leishmaniosis of skin or pendinskaya ulcer, visceral leishmaniosis or kala random
  • Skin, mucous membranes, blood, heart, adrenal glands, kidneys, bone marrow
Leishmaniosis of the skin is characterized by the formation of necrotic ulcers in the affected skin areas. Visceral leishmaniosis causes acute inflammatory reactions of the affected organs, with ulceration and hemorrhages. They fall into the bloodstream with a mosquito bite, with its saliva. Carriers: hot blood, including humans; The bearer is a mosquito. Promastigote (flagellated body).
  • Lamblia
  • Lambliosis
  • The mucous membrane of the small intestine, the gallbladder.
Enteritis, allergies, asthma, depression, nerve disorders, cracks, dry skin, cholecystitis, etc. The fecal-oral path of infection through food and water. Carriers: hot blood, including humans; Carriers: Sinantropic insects (flies, cockroaches). Cyst stage.
  • Trichomonas (intestinal, genitourinary, mouth)
  • Trichomoniasis
  • The large intestine, the genitourinary system, the oral cavity.
Itching, burning in the genital area, discomfort during urination, abundant unhealthy discharge of the genitals. Complications with the development of infertility are possible. Sexual path of infection; through the mouth; through the rectum; When the air was inhaled; It is possible to transmit parasites during mother to child. A carrier and carrier is a person. Any stage of the life cycle: Flagellates (adults), ameboid (intermediate, more invasive), cyst.
  • Tripanosome
  • African tripanosomosis or sleepy disease; American tripanosomosis or Chagas disease
  • Blood, lymph nodes, spleen, spinal fluid.
An increase in lymph nodes, pathological processes in the spleen liver, damage to the nervous system is characterized by excessive drowsiness and a fatal result occurs. The disease develops up to two years. Enter the bloodstream during insect bite with its saliva; When pouring blood. The bearer is hot blood, including humans, a carrier, a tsecheche fly (African triposomosis), a tritomic error (American tripanosomosis). Trypomastigote stage (characteristic of the oscillation of the membrane and the ability to move). Spore class
  • Toxoplasma
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Nervous system, eyes, muscles, digestive organs.
The latent and chronic form proceeds asymptomatic; The symptoms in an acute way are manifested from the affected organs. The most dangerous for pregnant women and newborn children leads to serious disorders and congenital pathologies, to the death of the fetus. Fecal-Oral path of infection through unprocessed milk, meat; with insect bites; During the pregnancy from mother to child. Harshes and carriers are hot blood, including humans. Cyst stage.
  • Malaria plasmodium
  • Malaria
  • Liver, red blood cells.
An increase in body temperature, chills, fever, can cause serious kidneys, nervous system, a fatal result is possible. It enters the blood flow of a person during a bite with a saliva of an insect; transmission during mother to child's pregnancy; When pouring blood. The carrier is a person, a bearer is a malaria mosquito. Stage of the sporous (the final form of the sexual cycle of the Sporiks). Infusory class
  • Balantidio
  • Balantideiosis
  • The mucous membrane of the large intestine.
The ulceration of the mucous membrane of the large intestine is accompanied by bloodstream diarrhea, and fatal results are often produced. The fecal-oral path of infection through fruits, vegetables, unprocessed pork. The bearer is a pig, a bearer - Sinantropic insects (flies, cockroaches). Cyst stage. Sarcodes class
  • Amoeba dysentery
  • Amebiasis
  • The mucous membrane of the large intestine, sometimes, bladder, skin.
Asymptomatic and demonstrative forms the shape of the disease. Intestinal amebiasis is manifested by bloody diarrhea and vomiting; Extra-ladoactor amebiasis is characterized by acute liver lesions, lungs and other organs. Fecal-Oral path of infection through vegetables, fruits, vegetables; Anal sex. The bearer is hot blood, most of the time, humans, carriers - sinantropic insects (flucts, cockroaches). Quads cyst stage.

As a general rule, for all protozoa, a very complex and multiple life cycle is characterized by a very complex and multiple stages, which includes different in form, degree of activity and functional stages of the stage.

Unicellular organisms occur more frequently through simple cell division in two, but some classes, together with the division, are also inherent in a more complex reproductive process with the exchange of genetic information, for example, representatives of the scourge class.

In addition, protozoa's ways of life are not universal for all classes. Several stages of the life cycle of parasites in organisms of different species of animals can be taken.

Dirty hands a source of infection with parasites

Then, some of them are constant owners, carriers of the parasite, while others play the role of an infection bearer. In addition, the individual stages of the life cycle can take place within the same individual, but in different organs.

Invasion symptoms depend on the stage of the parasite life cycle, on the resistance of the human body, the degree of infection and location. Often, the disease is accompanied by non -specific symptoms, as a result of which the diagnosis of infection with protozoa is always extremely difficult.

According to the latest WHO data, more than one billion people are infected with parasites. The worst thing is that parasites are extremely difficult to detect.

  • nervousness, weakness, drowsiness;
  • frequent headaches;
  • itching, allergic reactions;
  • Sweat of the mouth, plate on the teeth and language;
  • change in body weight;
  • diarrhea, constipation and pain in the stomach;
  • Exacerbation of chronic diseases.

All these are possible signs of parasites in your body. Parasites are very dangerous, they can lead to fatal diseases. Diseases caused by parasites take a chronic form.